51 Madison
Office in New York City, NY · 51 Madison Avenue · 10010
At a glance
51 Madison is a 1,485,386-square-foot office building at 51 Madison Avenue in New York City, New York, built in 1928. In its 2024 New York City benchmarking disclosure it reported an ENERGY STAR score of 79 out of 100 (grade B), a site energy-use intensity of 65.5 kBtu/ft² and 8,951 tCO₂e of greenhouse-gas emissions. That score is higher than 50% of the 2,519 scored office buildings in New York City.
Local Law 84 (LL84) · reporting year 2024
Benchmarking record
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| ENERGY STAR score | 79 (band B) |
| Site EUI | 65.5 kBtu/ft² |
| Source EUI | 134.6 kBtu/ft² |
| GHG emissions | 8,951 tCO₂e |
| GHG intensity | 6.0 kgCO₂e/ft² |
| Electricity | 15,349,427 kWh |
| Natural gas | 41,663 therms |
| Water use | 27,724 kgal |
| Gross floor area | 1,485,386 sq ft |
| Source record | nyc:1069082:2024 |
The disclosure history
Year over year
| Year | Score | Δ | Site EUI | GHG emissions |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2024latest | 79 | +10 | 65.5 kBtu/ft² | 8,951 tCO₂e |
| 2023 | 69 | -7 | 91.8 kBtu/ft² | 11,140 tCO₂e |
| 2022 | 76 | 70.6 kBtu/ft² | 8,067 tCO₂e |
Compliance context
Local Law 84 (LL84)
Under Local Law 97, buildings over 25,000 sq ft face carbon caps with fines of $268 per metric ton of CO₂e over the limit, phasing in from 2024.
Ownership
No owning organisation shown. Names of private individuals in the disclosure are not published here.
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Location
- Address
- 51 Madison Avenue
- City
- New York City
- State
- New York
- ZIP
- 10010
- Coordinates
- 40.74302, -73.98640
Within ~1 km
Nearby benchmarked buildings
- Peter Cooper Villagescore 85
Multifamily Housing · 3,015,232 sq ft
- ESRT - Empire State Buildingscore 78
Office · 2,852,257 sq ft
- 11 Madison Avenuescore 77
Office · 2,228,574 sq ft
- One Madison Avenuescore —
Office · 1,339,997 sq ft
- 3 Park Avenuescore 69
Office · 1,205,501 sq ft
- PENN 11score 78
Office · 1,151,102 sq ft
See also: most efficient in New York City · biggest emitters
How does 51 Madison compare with other office buildings in New York City?
The latest disclosures cover 3,384 office buildings in New York City, out of 48,310 buildings citywide. 51 Madison's ENERGY STAR score of 79 compares with an average of 72 across the 2,519 that report a score; it scores higher than 50% of them and lower than 48%. Its site EUI of 65.5 kBtu/ft² is roughly in line with the average of 64.5 kBtu/ft². Its emissions intensity of 6.0 kgCO₂e/ft² is roughly in line with the group average of 5.8 kgCO₂e/ft².
At 1,485,386 sq ft, it is about 623% above the average floor area of 205,440 sq ft for those buildings. It was built in 1928, 12 years earlier than the group's average year built (1940). Across all 24 jurisdictions BuildingCensus covers, the 15,264 office buildings average an ENERGY STAR score of 73 and a site EUI of 59.3 kBtu/ft².
How has 51 Madison's energy performance changed over time?
BuildingCensus holds 3 New York City disclosures for 51 Madison, covering report years 2022–2024. Its ENERGY STAR score went from 76 in 2022 to 79 in 2024 (+3 points). Site EUI moved from 70.6 kBtu/ft² (2022) to 65.5 kBtu/ft² (2024), a 7% decrease. Reported emissions went from 8,067 tCO₂e to 8,951 tCO₂e over the same span (up 11%).
What does an ENERGY STAR score of 79 mean?
ENERGY STAR scores run from 1 to 100 and are computed by the EPA's Portfolio Manager as a percentile against similar buildings nationwide, adjusted for climate, size and use: a score of 79 means the building performs better than about 79% of its national peers. BuildingCensus bands the score into report-card grades; 79 falls in band B — above median (70–84). Scores of 75 or higher meet the threshold for ENERGY STAR certification; certification itself is a separate, verified application that the disclosure does not record. In New York City, 43% of scored buildings are at 75 or above.
Site energy-use intensity (EUI) is the energy a building uses on site in a year divided by its floor area, in thousand Btu per square foot — lower is more efficient. 51 Madison's 65.5 kBtu/ft² across 1,485,386 sq ft works out to about 97.3 billion Btu (28,514 MWh-equivalent) in 2024. Its source EUI of 134.6 kBtu/ft² also counts the energy lost generating and delivering that power, which is why it is higher. The disclosure also reports 15,349,427 kWh of electricity, 41,663 therms of natural gas and 27,724 thousand gallons of water for the year.
Which law requires 51 Madison to report its energy use?
51 Madison reports under Local Law 84 (LL84), the legal basis of New York City's Energy and Water Data Disclosure program, which publishes each covered building's annual benchmarking results. The record shown here is the report-year 2024 disclosure (source record nyc:1069082:2024). Under Local Law 97, buildings over 25,000 sq ft face carbon caps with fines of $268 per metric ton of CO₂e over the limit, phasing in from 2024.
More office buildings in New York City
- 9 W 57 & 4 W 58· 1,482,596 sq ft · EUI 103.2 kBtu/ft²
- 1585 Broadway· 1,475,766 sq ft · EUI 93.1 kBtu/ft²
- NEW YORK TIMES BUILDING (231 WEST 40 STREET)· 1,453,912 sq ft · score 56 (C)
- 1585 Broadway - LL97 Copy· 1,441,169 sq ft · score 82 (B)
- 350 Jay Street· 1,420,558 sq ft · score 54 (D)
- One Beacon Court· 1,400,678 sq ft · EUI 123.3 kBtu/ft²
- Office buildings in New York City· 3,384 benchmarked
- All New York City benchmarked buildings· Local Law 84 (LL84)
- Most efficient large buildings in New York City
- Least efficient large buildings in New York City
- Biggest emitters in New York City
Frequently asked questions
What is 51 Madison's energy grade?
51 Madison scores 79 out of 100 on ENERGY STAR — band B, above median (70–84) — in its 2024 New York City disclosure. Scores are national percentiles against similar buildings; 75+ qualifies for ENERGY STAR certification.
How much energy does 51 Madison use?
Its 2024 site energy-use intensity was 65.5 kBtu/ft² (134.6 kBtu/ft² source) across 1,485,386 sq ft, including 15,349,427 kWh of electricity and 41,663 therms of natural gas.
What are 51 Madison's carbon emissions?
51 Madison reported 8,951 tCO₂e of greenhouse-gas emissions (6.0 kgCO₂e/ft²) for 2024.
Where is 51 Madison?
51 Madison is at 51 Madison Avenue, in New York City, New York 10010. Its coordinates are 40.74302, -73.98640 (latitude, longitude), as published in the Energy and Water Data Disclosure file.
How big is 51 Madison and when was it built?
51 Madison has 1,485,386 sq ft of gross floor area, as reported in its 2024 disclosure. The disclosure lists 1928 as its year built. It is classed as office.
Is 51 Madison covered by Local Law 84 (LL84)?
Yes — it appears in the 2024 Energy and Water Data Disclosure disclosure, which lists the buildings reporting under Local Law 84 (LL84).
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About this data
Source: Energy and Water Data Disclosure (Local Law 84 (LL84)), as published October 2, 2026. See the methodology for how records are matched, cleaned and scored.
Cite as: BuildingCensus, “51 Madison, New York City, New York — 2024 benchmarking disclosure”, https://buildingcensus.com/buildings/new-york-city/51-madison-79206ad1 (data as of October 2, 2026).